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The Boswell Sisters were a close harmony singing group, consisting of sisters Martha Boswell (June 9, 1905 – July 2, 1958), Connee Boswell (original name Connie, December 3, 1907 – October 11, 1976), and Helvetia "Vet" Boswell (May 20, 1911 – November 12, 1988), noted for intricate harmonies and rhythmic experimentation. They attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s. == Early Life and Education == The sisters were raised by a middle-class family at 3937 Camp Street in uptown New Orleans, Louisiana.〔 Titus, Kyla. '' Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 33. 〕 Martha and Connie were born in Kansas City, Missouri. Helvetia was born in Birmingham, Alabama. (Connee's name was originally spelled Connie until she changed it in the 1940s.) Born to a former vaudevillian, Clyde “A. C.” Boswell,〔 Titus, Kyla. '' Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 22-23. 〕 and his music-loving wife, Meldania, the sisters—along with 14-year-old older brother Clyde Jr. ("Clydie")—landed in New Orleans as children, in 1914.〔 Titus, Kyla. '' Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 32. 〕 Martha, Connie, and Vet studied classical piano, cello, and violin, respectively, under the tutelage of Tulane professor Otto Finck.〔Tulane University ''Register'' 19, no. 13 (1918): 178.〕〔 Titus, Kyla. '' Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 40. 〕 They performed their classical repertoire in local recitals, often as a trio, but the city’s jazz scene swiftly won them over, personally and professionally. “We studied classical music . . . and were being prepared for the stage and a concert tour throughout the United States, but the saxophone got us,” Martha said, in a 1925 interview with the ''Shreveport Times''.〔“‘Saxophones Got Us,’ Three Boswells Declare, Reason for Surrendering to Jazz,” ''The Shreveport Times'', December 12, 1925, accessed January 8, 2014, Boz Biz, http://www.bozzies.org/.〕 In addition to providing the young Boswells with formal, classical musical education, Meldania Boswell took her children regularly to see the leading African American performers of the day at the Lyric Theatre.〔 Titus, Kyla. '' Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 47. 〕 There, young Connie heard Mamie Smith, whose "Crazy Blues" (1920), the first blues record performed by an African American, was a hit. Connie would later imitate Smith's style on the Boswells' first record, "I'm Gonna Cry (Cryin' Blues)," before settling into her own vocal style.〔Ben Manilla, “Mamie Smith and the Birth of the Blues Market,” ''All Things Considered'', November 11, 2006.〕〔Henry T. Sampson, ''Blacks in Blackface: A Source Book on Early Black Musical Shows'', (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1980), 1431.〕 In interviews, the sisters recalled driving around New Orleans listening for new and interesting sounds, which they often found outside African American churches and barrooms. As older brother Clydie began breaking away from classical music to study jazz, he introduced his sisters to the new syncopated style,〔 Titus, Kyla. ''Boswell Legacy: The Story of the Boswell Sisters of New Orleans and the New Music They Gave to the World'' (2014) p 47.〕 As well as many of the young jazz players in New Orleans. Leon Roppolo (clarinet/guitar), Monk Hazel (drums/cornet), Pinky Vidacovich (clarinet/saxophone), Nappy Lamare (guitar/banjo), Ray Bauduc (tuba/vocals), Dan LeBlanc (tuba), Leon and Louis Prima (trumpet, trumpet/vocals), Wingy Manone (trumpet/vocals), Al Gallodoro (clarinet/saxophone), Chink Martin (bass/tuba/guitar), Santo Pecora (trombone), Raymond Burke (clarinet/saxophone), and Tony Parenti (clarinet/saxophone) were all regular guests to the Boswell home. The sisters were particularly influenced by cornetist Emmett Louis Hardy, another friend of Clydie's, whose well-documented talent and skill helped shape the sisters' knowledge of jazz harmony, syncopation, and improvisation. Hardy and Clydie both died young and unrecorded, Hardy of tuberculosis, at age 22, and Clydie of flu-related complications, at 18. After becoming interested in jazz, Vet took up the banjo and Connie, saxophone. Martha remained on piano but focused on the rhythms and idioms of ragtime and hot jazz. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Boswell Sisters」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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